Comparative parameters

I. Morpho-syntactic parameters

Syntactic complexity of caritive construction

а) biclausal

b) monoclausal

Morphosyntactic level of caritive expression

а) within a lexeme (derivational type)

b) within a word form

c) within a constituent

d) within a clause

Syntactic restrictions for the expression of an absentee

0) nominalized expressions and finite verb forms

а) only nominals (nominalized expressions)

b) only nouns

- only a subtype of nouns (e.g. concrete)

Morphological restrictions for the expression of an absentee

а) (im)possible to express relevant word classification categories of a language (such as gender, class etc.)

b) (im)possible to express relevant inflectional categories of a language (such as number, possessionm case etc.)

c) expression of the relevant categories is possible but limited

Boundness level of the caritive expression (marker)

а) affix

- phrase affix

b) clitic

c) autonomous word form

d) syntactic construction

Possible syntactic functions of a caritive phrase

0) argument (independent use)

- subject

- direct object

- oblique object

- peripheral argument

а) attribute

b) copredicate (secondary predicate)

- depictive

- resultative

c) adjunct

- sentential

- predicate

- (proper)-verbal

d) predicate (/a part of predicate)

Morpho-syntactic peculiarity of the caritive construction as compared to other caritive constructions of the language

а) form and functions are similar

b) form is similar, functions are different

c) form is different, functions are similar

d) form and functions are different

II. Semantic parameters

Is the expression caritive special or polysemantic?

а) special

d) polysemantic

Interaction with polarity

а) caritive expression contains a negation marker

b) caritive expression does not contain negation

- the caritive constrctusion combines / does not combine with negation

2.1. Semantic restrictions for an absentee

Animacy

а) only animate

b) only inanimate

c) both are possible

Concreteness

а) concrete

syntactic definiteness/concreteness markers are (not) allowed

b) non-concrete

c) both are possible

Pronominal expression of an absentee

а) possible

b) impossible

Semantic role of an absentee

а) similar to the anchor's role

b) different from the anchor's role

c) both parameters are possible

Type of the semantic role of an absentee

а) companion

b) instrument

c) possessum (permanent)

d) possessum (temporal)

e) kinship term

f) body part

g) part of the whole

h) means of transport

i) contiguous entity

j) anchor's characteristic

k) content

l) reason/condition

m) adverbial circumstance

Determination of the semantic role

а) defined by the caritive construction

b) defined through the context

2.2. Semantic restrictions for an anchor

а) yes

b) no

2.3. Semantic restrictions on the kind of a main predicate in the caritive construction

а) yes

b) no

2.4. Semantic restrictions on the type of situation expressed by the caritive construction

Dynamic characteristic of the situation

а) may refer only to a permanent situation

b) may refer to a temporal situation

III. Communicative features of the caritive construction

Topic-focus status of a caritive phrase

а) a caritive phrase may be in scope of topic

b) a caritive phrase may be in scope of focus

may (not) be in narrow focus

Assertive status of a caritive phrase

а) a caritive phrase may be in assertion

b) a caritive phrase may be in presupposition

Contrastive focus of a caritive phrase

а) possible

b) impossible